a snapshot of life in Tamale

Upon reviewing my journal from the first trip we took to Ghana in January 2012, I found this entry of first impressions of Tamale, Ghana. I’ve typed it up unedited. It was written during the second week in the country—I hope it will help you imagine the place where we now live…

Reflections January 10th, 2012, Tamale:

smells: burning trash; night-blooming jasmine at TICCS; diesel exhaust; pepe and onions; dried fish; maggi; nescafe; groundnut; grilled plantain; smoked chicken; raw goat and lamb at the market butcher

sounds: bats at night going *beep beep*; birds at TICCS of many different songs; sound of motos; horns of taxis; call to prayer; music blaring at the market perhaps some Asunto music; Ko, the resident African grey, making the sound of a car horn, the sputtering of an engine; loud and animated conversations in Dagbani; the wailing of my kitten friend begging for food; the chirping of geckos; the sounds of traffic; the warm greetings while passing by, “Desba”… “naa”; the sound of the wind; the cooing of doves

sights: the gorgeous lush trees; the red earth; the not-so-nocturnal bats; the gorgeous brightly colored cloth; the incredible balance possessed by nearly everyone here, balancing any number of things from sewing machines to sunglasses, tiers of charcoal, and any matter of fried of food, sachets of water, sachets of koko, and often done with a baby tied with cloth to the woman’s back; taxis, trucks, tro-tros and motos; herds of wandering goats and lamb with their droppings and hoof prints embellishing the soil; the good roads and the bad bumpy roads; the numerous NGOs; the children’s smiles and waves; the barber shops and hair salons, internet and cell phone cafes; weaving through the marketplace where any manner of things are crammed into the space—spices, cloth, toys, cement, fetish items, designer knock-offs, fresh meat, dried fish, produce, old tires and car parts, shawls and shoes, cosmetics, diapers and hot food; doves in pairs of two; savannah grass; too much trash; plots of land burning for bush meat; cement block schools; mud huts with the thatched roofs

tastes: smoky hot pepe; groundnut; sour koko and banku; deliciously sweet pineapple juice; lager—Star or Club; sweet plantain; spicy okra; oddly familiar T.Z.; oily chicken wing just slaughtered; strange sweetness (though not in a comforting way) of pure water sachets; salty taste of rice and beans; stews with Maggi, tilapia; kenkey and hot sauce—our late night savior on New Year’s Eve; fried egg sandwich with margarine on toast; super tasty samosas and franky rolls; extremely bitter and crunchy kola nut that makes water after taste sweet; rich palm oil; yam chips

touch: dry, dusty air; sweat on my skin; close contact with fellow passengers on tro-tro and taxi rides; feel of the dirt road—bumpy with my head bobbing; high fives of small children; slippery banku; tearing water sachets with my teeth; the weight of my over-stuffed pack; the bites of mosquitoes; the visits from flies; the occasional grabbing of my odd white skin; the wind and dirt as a truck closely passes us by while walking; my tired feet after a long walk from the village; the dirt and gravel that gets caught in my flip-flops; the wooden chairs at TICCS; the highly effective fan that keeps us cool at night; the cold showers; the plastic-covered seats in James’ room; the kiss from the horse; the warm and lingering handshakes, sometimes concluded with a snap

–Jacqui

Greetings friends!

Anatoli and I send you greetings from our Accra oasis–the Afia Beach Hotel. It feels wonderful to be back in Ghana again–while I know I have not given many of you the best explanations of why we love this country so much and why we desire to spend so much time here–I will be here for 9 months and Anatoli for 7–I think it is because it is difficult to use words to describe the energy of the place, the warm smiles of the people. However, hopefully with this blog we will be better able to describe Ghana and the many reasons why we find this place and the people here so enchanting…

Anatoli and I are both here to conduct dissertation research to complete our PhDs in Political Science (mine is with an emphasis in International Relations and Environmental Politics, Anatoli’s is Political Theory and International Relations). We have both, quite miraculously, been able to obtain full funding (!) to support our research in Ghana: I have received a Fulbright grant to support nine months of research in Ghana; Anatoli has received departmental support and a Dean’s Teaching Fellowship for the Spring (which is why Anatoli will be returning to Baltimore a couple months before me). I am obliged to tell you that the views here expressed are those of my own (and Anatoli’s when he posts) and not those of the U.S. Department of State or Fulbright Program, though that is probably not a surprise to those of you that know us well.

In Ghana, I will be researching the debate over the cultivation of genetically-modified (GM or often referred to as GMO) crops in Africa. The debate over GM crops is a global one and is one in which proponents and opponents of this new agricultural technology often make highly inflated claims: GM seeds can be conceived on the one hand as the “technological savior” or on the the other as the “terminator seed.” That is to say that GM crops can be presented as the means to address hunger and the effects of climate change, or as undermining social and ecological resilience through patents and the reduction of biodiversity. In the African context the debate is further intensified as the stakes are, in many senses, greater. Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to experience more of the negative effects of climate change than nearly any other part of the world: irregular rainfall and drought hit hard in regions that already experience food shortages and famine. The introduction of smallholder farmers into a volatile global economy may further increase farmers’ economic vulnerability. And to further complicate the picture, industrial agriculture is widely recognized as being a major contributor to the greenhouse gas emissions that exacerbate climate change.

All this is to say that the debate over the cultivation of genetically-modified crops in the African context is multi-faceted–perhaps the one common thread expressed by many is that there needs to be improvements in the practice of farming in places like Ghana. What different actors think these improvements should look like is at the core of my research. On the one hand, you have interventions by organizations like USAID that want to expand access to biotechnology and GM crops in particular. On the other hand, you have other organizations like the African Biodiversity Network that want to reinvigorate the use of traditional knowledge by smallholder farmers across the African continent. In this sense, you have many different interventions from a variety of actors to improve agricultural practices and mitigate the effects of climate change. My research, primarily based in Tamale, capital of the Northern Region of Ghana, will be focused on how farmers view the agricultural challenges they face and what kinds of coping mechanisms they employ. How do these farmers respond to the interventions of external actors in their lives?  The research will be conducted using the method of participant-observation. What this means for our blog followers is you can look forward to pictures of me farming (!!) cassava, millet, peppers and other staple foods enjoyed by people in Northern Ghana.

I look forward to sharing with you my experiences in Ghana. It promises to be a most exciting adventure! Anatoli will post soon a description of his fascinating research on earthen architecture and ecological sensibilities in Northern Ghana. In sum, when we come back to the U.S. expect that we will not only be closer to finishing our PhDs (at long last! 🙂 but will be able farmers and mud hut builders 😉

Warm wishes from Ghana….Jacqui